[Percutaneous closure of inter-atrial communication with the Amplatzer device. Experience with 42 cases]. / Cierre percutáneo de la comunicación inter-atrial con dispositivo de Amplatzer. Experiencia de 42 casos.

We report our experience on 42 patients treated with atrial septal defect (ASD) occlusion using Amplatzer device. Thirty patients were females and 12 were males, mean ages 26.5-years-old +/- 12 years (interval from 7 to 69 years). Average weight was 57.1 +/- 13.8 kg (32.3-85.0 kg). Forty-two devices (ranging diameters from 13 mm to 40 mm) were deployed, 40 of which were placed successfully and attempts were unsuccessful in two cases (diameter devices 36 mm and 40 mm, respectively). We used the "balloon on the left or right upper pulmonary vein" in 5 patients, achieving good deployment. Echocardiography showed total occlusion in 37 patients (93.5%), trivial leak in 2 (4.7%), and light leak in 1 patient (2.3%). Follow up was at 1 to 12 months (mean 6.5). Total occlusion was observed at one month on both patients with trivial leak, and at 6 months on the patient with light leak. Failure to deploy the device appropriately on the two patients with unsuccessful result was due to unfavorable anatomy: very large defects in both cases (occluder size 36 mm and 40 mm), very thin postero-superior 6 mm rim on one of them and aortic rim absence on the other one. Stretched diameters were 34 mm and 38 mm on patients with 36 mm and 40 mm devices, respectively. Both of them were sent to surgery. We conclude that percutaneus closure of atrial septal defect with the Amplatzer device is a save and have good results.

Cierre percutáneo de la comunicación inter-atrial con dispositivo de Amplatzer: experiencia de 42 casos / Percutaneous closure of inter-atrial communication with the Amplatzer device: experience with 42 cases

We report our experience on 42 patients treated with atrial septal defect (ASD) occlusion using Amplatzer device. Thirty patients were females and 12 were males, mean ages 26.5-years-old +/- 12 years (interval from 7 to 69 years). Average weight was 57.1 +/- 13.8 kg (32.3-85.0 kg). Forty-two devices (ranging diameters from 13 mm to 40 mm) were deployed, 40 of which were placed successfully and attempts were unsuccessful in two cases (diameter devices 36 mm and 40 mm, respectively). We used the [quot ]balloon on the left or right upper pulmonary vein[quot ] in 5 patients, achieving good deployment. Echocardiography showed total occlusion in 37 patients (93.5%), trivial leak in 2 (4.7%), and light leak in 1 patient (2.3%). Follow up was at 1 to 12 months (mean 6.5). Total occlusion was observed at one month on both patients with trivial leak, and at 6 months on the patient with light leak. Failure to deploy the device appropriately on the two patients with unsuccessful result was due to unfavorable anatomy: very large defects in both cases (occluder size 36 mm and 40 mm), very thin postero-superior 6 mm rim on one of them and aortic rim absence on the other one. Stretched diameters were 34 mm and 38 mm on patients with 36 mm and 40 mm devices, respectively. Both of them were sent to surgery. We conclude that percutaneus closure of atrial septal defect with the Amplatzer device is a save and have good results.

Cierre de conducto arterioso persistente con dispositivo Nit-Occlud: Experiencia de 13 casos / Patent ductus arteriosus closure with a Nit-Occluded device: Experience with 13 cases

Se presenta la experiencia de 13 pacientes con diagnóstico de persistencia de conducto arterioso permeable tratados por vía percutánea con un dispositivo de nitinol (aleación de níquel y titanio), llamado Nit-Occlud. Fueron 10 mujeres y 3 hombres con edad promedio de 23.2 ±21.1 años. La angiografía en la aorta descendente previa al cierre reportó diámetro promedio del conducto arterioso de 3.8 ± 0.8 mm y la morfología del mismo fue de 10 conductos tipo A, 2 tipo E y 1 tipo C según la clasificación de Krichenko. El tamaño del oclusor seleccionado se basó en el diámetro de la ámpula aórtica y del sitio más estrecho del conducto. Se utilizaron 8 dispositivos 11x6 mm, 4 dispositivos 9x6 mm y 1 dispositivo 7x6 mm. Tres pacientes (25%) mostraron oclusión del 100% en forma inmediata (15 min después de la liberación del dispositivo), 7 (53%) presentaron fuga leve y difusa y sólo 2 pacientes (16.6%) mostraron fuga moderada a severa. Un paciente presentó migración del dispositivo a la rama izquierda de la arteria pulmonar (RIAP), se logró su rescate por vía percutánea enviándose el paciente posteriormente a cirugía. En el seguimiento ecocardiográfico a las 24 h 9 pacientes (69%) mostraron oclusión del 100%. A los 6 meses de seguimiento 10 tienen oclusión al 100% y sólo 2 pacientes tienen fuga residual leve (15%). Un paciente desarrolló cuadro de endocarditis infecciosa que finalmente provocó su deceso. Se concluye que el dispositivo Nit-Occlud es útil para el cierre de esta patología aunque hace falta mayor experiencia.

We report our experience with the percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus with a Nit-Occlud device made of Nitinol (Nickel-Titanium alloy) in 13 patients; 10 women and 3 men, average age of 23.2 ±21.1 years. Average diameters were 3.8 + 0.8 mm and the morphologies, according to Krichenko's classification, were 10 type A, 2 type E, and 1 type C. The device was selected according to the aortic ampule and the narrowest part of the ductus. We implanted 8 occluders of 11 x 6 mm, 4 of 9 x 6 mm, and 1 of 7 x 6 mm. In three patients (25%) total occlusion was observed 15 minutes after implantation, in seven (54%) a trivial leak was observed, and in only two patients (16.6%) was the leak moderate to severe. In on patient, the occluder migrate to the pulmonary artery trunk and was successfully removed percutaneously; the patient was subjected then to surgical closure. Echocardiography follow-up 24 h later showed total occlusion in nine patients (69%). Six months after the procedure, two patient presented trivial leak (15%). One patient developed an endocarditic infection and died. We concluded that this occluder might be useful for this pathology, but further studies must be done.

[Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale with amplatzer device. Report of two cases]. / Cierre percutáneo de foramen oval permeable con dispositivo de Amplatzer. Presentación de dos casos.

OBJECTIVE: We present two cases of Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) treated with percutaneous Amplatzer device. METHOD: The first case corresponds to 48 years old woman with Ebstein's disease with moderate to severe hemodynamic repercussion and three cerebrovascular accidents, the last one under coumarin treatment, she received antiarrhythmic medication and despite of it developed 1st degree AV block, supraventricular and ventricular ectopia, rigth branch block. The second case corresponds to a 22 years old man with antecedents of cerebrovascular accident at the age of 21 with sequelae of convulsive crisis. Both patients were percutaneously treated with Amplatzer devices. The first patient was treated with a foramen ovale device and second with septal occluder due to the diameter of the foramen. Both patients have remained asymptomatic during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: The PFO devices are indicated for patients with a history of cerebrovascular accidents.

Cierre percutáneo de foramen oval permeable con dispositivo de Amplatzer: Presentación de dos casos / Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale with Amplatzer device: Report of two cases

Propósito: Se presentan los 2 casos de foramen oval permeable tratados con dispositivo de Amplatzer por vía percutánea. Método: El primero del sexo femenino de 48 años y con antecedentes de enfermedad de Ebstein moderada a severa y de 3 accidentes vasculares cerebrales, siendo el último bajo efecto anticoagulante, manejada con antiarrítmicos a pesar de lo cual presentó bloqueo auriculoventricular (a-v) de primer grado, aumento del automatismo supraventricular y ventricular de diferente foco y bloqueo de rama derecha. El segundo paciente masculino de 22 años con antecedente de un evento embólico cerebral a los 21 años con secuelas de crisis convulsivas. Ambos fueron tratados por vía percutánea para implante de dispositivo de Amplatzer, el primero para foramen oval permeable (FOP) y el segundo con dispositivo para comunicación interatrial por el diámetro del foramen. Los dos pacientes se encuentran asintomáticos. Conclusiones: El cierre de FOP por vía percutánea está indicado en pacientes con antecedentes de eventos cerebrales transitorios o permanentes y se sospeche esta vía como fuente embolígena. La técnica es fácil de realizar pero se requiere de un mayor número de pacientes para concluir.

Objective: We present two cases of Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) treated with percutaneous Amplatzer device. Method: The first case corresponds to 48 years old woman with Ebstein's disease with moderate to severe hemodynamic repercussion and three cerebrovascular accidents, the last one under coumarin treatment, she received antiarrhythmic medication and despite of it developed 1st degree AV block, supraventricular and ventricular ectopia, rigth branch block. The second case corresponds to a 22 years old man with antecedents of cerebrovascular accident at the age of 21 with sequelae of convulsive crisis. Both patients were percutaneously treated with Amplatzer devices. The first patient was treated with a foramen ovale device and second with septal occluder due to the diameter of the foramen. Both patients have remained asymptomatic during the follow-up period. Conclusions: The PFO devices are indicated for patients with a history of cerebrovascular accidents.

[Patent ductus arteriosus closure with a Nit-Occlud device. Experience with 13 cases]. / Cierre de conducto arterioso persistente con dispositivo Nit-Occlud. Experiencia de 13 casos.

We report our experience with the percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus with a Nit-Occlud device made of Nitinol (Nickel-Titanium alloy) in 13 patients; 10 women and 3 men, average age of 23.2 +/- 21.1 years. Average diameters were 3.8 +/- 0.8 mm and the morphologies, according to Krichenko's classification, were 10 type A, 2 type E, and 1 type C. The device was selected according to the aortic ampule and the narrowest part of the ductus. We implanted 8 occluders of 11 x 6 mm, 4 of 9 x 6 mm, and 1 of 7 x 6 mm. In three patients (25%) total occlusion was observed 15 minutes after implantation, in seven (54%) a trivial leak was observed, and in only two patients (16.6%) was the leak moderate to severe. In on patient, the occluder migrate to the pulmonary artery trunk and was successfully removed percutaneously; the patient was subjected then to surgical closure. Echocardiography follow-up 24 h later showed total occlusion in nine patients (69%). Six months after the procedure, two patient presented trivial leak (15%). One patient developed an endocarditic infection and died. We concluded that this occluder might be useful for this pathology, but further studies must be done.

[Repair of interatrial septal defect with an Amplatzer device. Experience with 3 cases]. / Cierre de comunicación interatrial con dispositivo de Amplatzer. Experiencia de 3 casos.

We performed transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD) using an Amplatzer device in three patients, 2 women and 1 male child, aged 12, 54, and 4 years, respectively, coursing with ostium secundum ASD. Two with left to right shunt and the third with bidirectional shunt. The transesophageal echocardiogram revealed ASD with diameters of 13, 15, and 10 mm, the diameter with expanded catheter balloon was of 30, 26, and 17 mm, respectively. The superior border of the atrial septum was bigger than 5 mm in all three patients, whereas the inferior border could not be found through echocardiography in the patients aged 12 and 4 years. Amplatzer devices of 30, 26, and 17 mm were implanted, the inferior border of the first two could be supported on the aortic wall and the superior border on the septum. We observed a 100% occlusion in these two cases through ecocolor-Doppler. In the third patient, an inferior border of 16 mm and a superior border of 8 mm were determined, achieving and immediate and fast installation of the device with 100% occlusion. All three patients were in stable conditions, asymptomatic and without shunt at their one-month follow-up as revealed by a trans-thoracic echocardiography. It is concluded that the Amplatzer device is technically easy to install and yields adequate results even in patients with ample ASD and without inferior border of the inter-atrial septum.